Factors That Affect Blood Sugar Levels Beyond Diet and Exercise
Managing blood sugar levels is crucial for people with diabetes. While diet and exercise are essential components of blood sugar control, there are other factors that can impact blood sugar levels. In this article, we will explore some of these factors that go beyond diet and exercise.
1. Stress
Stress is a common factor that affects blood sugar levels. When under stress, our bodies produce a hormone called cortisol, which is released in response to the fight-or-flight response. Cortisol increases blood sugar levels by triggering the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream. In people with diabetes, this can be problematic as the high levels of glucose can remain in the bloodstream if not managed accordingly.
2. Sleep
Sleep is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle, but it can also impact blood sugar control. It has been shown that poor quality of sleep and lack of sleep can lead to higher blood glucose levels. This is because our bodies release hormones like cortisol and growth hormone during sleep that can raise blood sugar levels. Additionally, disrupted sleep can lead to changes in hunger hormones, which can cause people to consume more carbohydrates and sugary foods.
3. Medications
Some medications can affect blood sugar levels, either by raising or lowering them. Medications like steroids, antidepressants, and beta-blockers can increase blood sugar levels while others, like insulin, can lower them. It is essential always to check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are worried about a medication and its effects on your blood sugar levels.
4. Illness
Illness or infections can cause stress to the body, which can raise blood sugar levels. Additionally, some medications used to treat illness or infections can cause blood sugar levels to increase. It is vital to monitor blood sugar levels closely during times of illness and consult with a doctor if levels are elevated for an extended period.
5. Dehydration
Dehydration can lead to higher blood sugar levels as the body is unable to dilute glucose levels in the bloodstream effectively. This is because when we are dehydrated, the kidneys have a harder time filtering out excess glucose. Those with diabetes are at a higher risk of dehydration as high blood sugar levels can lead to frequent urination and fluid loss.
In conclusion, diet and exercise are essential components of blood sugar management, but there are other factors that need to be considered. Stress, sleep, medications, illness, and dehydration can all impact blood sugar levels. It is crucial to monitor your blood sugar levels and be aware of these factors to manage your diabetes effectively.