The Long-Term Consequences of Poorly Controlled Blood Sugar Levels
Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects an estimated 29 million people in the United States alone. This condition is characterized by the body's inability to use or produce enough insulin, which is needed to regulate blood sugar levels. When blood sugar levels are too high, a range of complications can develop. Diabetes can also lead to long-term consequences when blood sugar levels aren't well controlled over time.
In this article, we'll take a look at the long-term consequences of poorly controlled blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
Complications of Poorly Controlled Blood Sugar Levels
When blood sugar levels remain consistently high, they can start to damage various organs and systems throughout the body. Some of the most common complications of poorly controlled blood sugar levels include:
1. Kidney Disease – High blood sugar levels can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to kidney disease over time. When the kidneys are damaged, they can't filter waste as effectively, leading to a buildup of toxins in the body.
2. Nerve Damage – High blood sugar levels can cause nerve damage, leading to a range of symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and burning sensations in the hands and feet. This condition is known as diabetic neuropathy.
3. Eye Damage – High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to diabetic retinopathy. This condition can cause vision loss and blindness over time.
4. Cardiovascular Disease – High blood sugar levels can cause damage to the blood vessels throughout the body, including the heart. This can lead to a range of cardiovascular complications such as heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.
5. Foot Problems – High blood sugar levels can affect the circulation to the feet, leading to foot ulcers, infections, and in some cases, amputation.
These complications can develop gradually over time, making it important to keep blood sugar levels well controlled to prevent them from occurring.
Why Blood Sugar Control is Important
Maintaining tight control over blood sugar levels is essential for preventing long-term complications of diabetes. When blood sugar levels are consistently kept within a healthy range, it can reduce the risk of developing complications such as kidney disease, nerve damage, eye damage, and cardiovascular disease.
In addition to preventing complications, keeping blood sugar levels well controlled can also help to improve overall quality of life. When blood sugar levels are high, it can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, blurred vision, and thirst. By keeping blood sugar levels within a healthy range, these symptoms can be minimized or even eliminated.
How to Control Blood Sugar Levels
Controlling blood sugar levels involves a combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and regular monitoring. Some of the most effective ways to control blood sugar levels include:
1. Medication – Depending on the type of diabetes a person has, they may need to take medications such as insulin or oral medications to help regulate blood sugar levels.
2. Diet – A healthy diet that's rich in whole foods and low in processed sugars can help to keep blood sugar levels well controlled.
3. Exercise – Regular exercise can help to improve insulin sensitivity, making it easier for cells to use glucose for energy.
4. Blood Sugar Monitoring – Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels can help individuals to identify when their blood sugar levels are too high or too low, allowing them to take action to bring their levels back within a healthy range.
Conclusion
The long-term consequences of poorly controlled blood sugar levels can be severe, leading to a range of complications such as kidney disease, nerve damage, eye damage, cardiovascular disease, and foot problems. By keeping blood sugar levels well controlled through medication, diet, exercise, and regular monitoring, individuals with diabetes can minimize their risk of developing these complications and improve their overall quality of life. If you have diabetes, talk to your healthcare provider about how to maintain good blood sugar control for long-term health and wellbeing.